Yet other historians postulate that the Hephthalites were descended from the Yueh-Chih, who were forced to migrate westward by the Juan-Juan tribe of lower Mongolia. The Rajput kingdoms were made up of Hindu military aristocracy. During the 16th and 17th centuries, the membership of this class became largely hereditary, although new claims to Rajput status continued to be made in the later centuries. [75], The term "Rajput" has been used as an anachronistic designation for leading martial lineages of 11th and 12th centuries that confronted the Ghaznavid and Ghurid invaders, although the Rajput identity for a lineage did not exist at this time, these lineages were classified as aristocratic Rajput clans in the later times.[76][77][78][79][80]. However, after the revolt of 1857 by the Bengal sepoys, the British Indian army shifted recruitment to the Punjab. [66] The membership of the Rajput class was now largely inherited rather than acquired through military achievements. There are also a number of records between the late 16th to mid19th century of the Rajputs immolating the queens, servants, and slaves of a king upon his death. Some were Brahmans who took to warfare, and some were from Tribes- indigenous or foreign". They compiled the Rajput genealogies in the process of settling land disputes, surveying castes and tribes, and writing history. WebThese Kingdoms have been discussed below in brief: 1. He also mentions that Rajputs were only next to Brahmins in the ritual hierarchy and also gave the secular elite of the state. Now coming to the reasons, there are many. This and the internecine jostling for position that took place when a clan leader (raja) died meant that Rajput politics were fluid and prevented the formation of a coherent Rajput empire. Ramya Sreenivasan also gives and example of a Jain concubine who went from being a servant to a superior concubine called Paswan[211], According to Priyanka Khanna, with Marwar's royal Rajput households, the women who underwent concubinage also included women from the Gujar, Ahir, Jat, Mali, Kayastha, and Darji communities of that region.

[106], From as early as the 16th century, Purbiya Rajput soldiers from the eastern regions of Bihar and Awadh, were recruited as mercenaries for Rajputs in the west, particularly in the Malwa region. After capturing the northwest frontier, he invaded Rajput domain. 1 - Map of the Rajput states in Central and Western India, Crime and Punishment in Industrial Britain, Advantages of North and South in Civil War, African Americans in the Revolutionary War, Civil War Military Strategies of North and South, Environmental Effects of The Columbian Exchange, Native Americans in the Revolutionary War. [208] A common way to poison the infant during breastfeeding was by applying a preparation of poisonous plants like Datura, Madar or Poppy to the mother's breast.[209]. Other historians believe the Hephthalites were a mix of nomads from Mongolian pasture lands and urbanites from various cities in the region. [19] A third group of historians, which includes Jai Narayan Asopa, theorised that the Rajputs were Brahmins who became rulers. StudySmarter is commited to creating, free, high quality explainations, opening education to all. b) to differentiate them from Attila's Huns who had invaded the Roman Empire. According to Amiya Samanta, the marital race was chosen from people of mercenary spirit (a soldier who fights for any group or country that will pay him/her), as these groups lacked nationalism as a trait. [103] During this process, petty clashes occurred with the local population and in some cases, alliances were formed. Several Rajput-ruled kingdoms played a significant role in many regions of central and northern India from seventh century onwards. [54][55][56][22][23], There are historical indications of the group calling themselves Rajputs by sixth century AD which settled in Indo-Gangetic Plain. This incident again affirmed the low status of women in the Rajput community and the leaders of this pro-sati movement gained in political terms.
Naravane. The culture perpetuated itself by holding onto power through a system in which, according to legend, the king's first son was his only possible heir. [190][191][192][193] Lord Shiva (who is very popular all across India) and Goddess Durga are popular deities worshipped by the Hindu Rajputs. [45] The early medieval literature suggests that this newly formed Rajput class comprised people from multiple castes. [143], The Rajput practices of female infanticide and sati (widow immolation) were other matters of concern to the British.

The Rajput population and the former Rajput states are found in northern, western, central and eastern India as well as southern and eastern Pakistan. The Rajput was a caste society in which there were strict rules of intermarriage. [15] The second theory was promulgated by C.V. Vaidya who believed in the Aryan invasion theory and that the entire 9th-10th century Indian populace was composed of only one race - the Aryans who had not yet mixed with the Shudras or Dravidians. Rowe states that at a historic meeting of the caste in 1936, every child in this Noniya section "knew" about their "Rajput heritage". Rajput. A third group, Agnikula (Family of the Fire God), is the group from which the Rajputs derive their claim to be Kshatriyas. Rajput habits of eating meat (except beef) and other traits suggest both foreign and aboriginal origins. The most famous of these cases is of a Rajput woman named Roop Kanwar. The Rajput kingdoms were made [223], Alcoholism is considered a problem in the Rajput community of Rajasthan and hence Rajput women do not like their men drinking alcohol. 2- Rajput Architecture, Public Domain. What type of government did the Rajput kingdoms have? Under Lake they took part in the brilliant series of victories which destroyed the power of the Marathas. German historian Hermann Kulke has coined the term "Secondary Rajputization" for describing the process of members of a tribe trying to re-associate themselves with the former chief of their tribe who had already transformed himself into a Rajput via Rajputization and thus become Rajputs themselves. According to modern scholars, almost all Rajpu [211] The female children of concubines and slaves married Rajput men in exchange for money or they ended up becoming dancing girls. During this period India was attacked by many invaders. Rajputs are belongs to the patrilineal clans of the Indian subcontinent. This later became the basis of the British reconstruction of the Rajput history and the nationalist interpretations of Rajputs' struggles with the Muslim invaders. The second, Chadravarshi, is descended from the lunar god, Chadra. and science and technology advanced. To solve the questions of Rajput states, medieval history topic, it is necessary to know all the facts related to it such as the origin of Rajputs, foreign origin, local origin, original Indian origin, emerging as a community, Rajput state, administered area, Attack, War, etc. These groups started identifying as Rajput at different times, in different ways. The 17th century chronicles of Muhnot Nainsi i.e. Check out our other explanations on Medieval Globalization! [139], As per the historian Thomas R. Metcalf, Rajput Taluqdars in Oudh provided a large numbers of leaders to the revolt of 1857 in that region. [102] Among these Rajput chieftaincies were the Bhojpur zamindars[104] and the taluks of Awadh. Kunwar Singh, a Rajput Zamindar was an important leader in Bihar region in the Indian Rebellion of 1857. [177], There are several major subdivisions of Rajputs, known as vansh or vamsha, the step below the super-division jti[178] These vansh delineate claimed descent from various sources, and the Rajput are generally considered to be divided into three primary vansh:[179] Suryavanshi denotes descent from the solar deity Surya, Chandravanshi (Somavanshi) from the lunar deity Chandra, and Agnivanshi from the fire deity Agni. Since these "sales" were genuinely for the purpose of marriage, they were considered legal. WebRockwall EDC | Community and Economic Development in Texas The Rajput historically kept their women in seclusion. They then brought down the Gupta dynasty and every city along the Ganges, burning Buddhist temples, essentially enforcing a scorched-earth policy. [125] The Rajputs then revolted against the Mughal empire. The reference to the clan structure of Rajputs in contemporary historical works like Rajatarangini by Kalhana along with other epigraphic evidences indicates their existence as a community by 12th century. Moreover, this unfounded Kshatriya status claim showed a sharp contrast to the classical varna of Kshatriyas as depicted in Hindu literature in which Kshatriyas are depicted as an educated and urbanite clan. [131], In one 18th century example given by Pinch, Rajputs of Awadh countered the upward mobility of some of the peasant castes, who by virtue of their economic prosperity sought higher status by wearing Janeu, a sacred thread or claimed Kshatriya status. Polygamy was quite common in Rajput society, though there were strict rules of intermarriage based on the caste systems at play. The enslaved women were referred to by different terms according to the conditions imposed on them, for example, a "domestic slave" was called davri; a dancer was called a patar; a "senior female slaveretainer in the women's quarters" was called badaran or vadaran; a concubine was called khavasin; and a woman who was "permitted to wear the veil" like Rajput queens was called a pardayat. WebThere are several theories about the origin of Rajputs. The Rajput economy was a feudal one, which meant that most transactions were land-based. The origin of the Rajputs has been a much-debated topic among historians. Stop procrastinating with our smart planner features.

This resulted in widening the gap between Rajputs of low ritual status and Rajputs of high ritual status.[208]. [102] These minor Rajput kingdoms were dotted all over the Gangetic plains in modern-day Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. [219] WebRajputs After ancient India's great empires broke up into smaller ones, the Rajputs came to political prominence. For several decades, "non-interference" in internal affairs remained the official policy. [15] According to this theory, the Rajputs originated when these invaders were assimilated into the Kshatriya category during the 6th or 7th century, following the collapse of the Gupta Empire. [101][failed verification], Legendary accounts state that from 1200 CE, many Rajput groups moved eastwards towards the Eastern Gangetic plains forming their own chieftaincies. Thus, the Rajput community formation was a result of political factors that influenced caste mobility, called Sanskritization by some scholars and Rajputization by others. The dynasties were patrilineal, meaning the king had to produce a male heir. Trade also included cash and some farming goods mixed in with the land. [145], Some unrelated communities tried to change their status to Rajput during the Colonial era. What did NOT lead to the downfall of Rajput kingdoms? It developed in the 16th and early 17th centuries, and its late period lasted through 1825. Be perfectly prepared on time with an individual plan. Rajput (from Sanskrit raja-putra, son of a king) is a patrilineal clan of western, central, and northern India, as well as some regions of Pakistan. Create flashcards in notes completely automatically. [71] The legendary epic poem Prithviraj Raso, which depicts warriors from several different Rajput clans as associates of Prithviraj Chauhan, fostered a sense of unity among these clans. Initially being feudatories of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty, the Tomaras by around the 10th century carved out an independent Kingdom for themselves around Delhi. In the late 19th century, to curb the practice, the act VIII of 1870 was introduced. It depicts the Battle of Khanwa in 1527. WebThe well known among these Rajput kingdoms were the Gurjara Pratiharas, the Chauhans, the Chalukyas and and the Chandelas. [111][112][113][114] For example, Akbar accomplished 40 marriages for himself, his sons and grandsons, out of which 17 were Rajput-Mughal alliances. Lerne mit deinen Freunden und bleibe auf dem richtigen Kurs mit deinen persnlichen Lernstatistiken. Similarly, affluent Muslim families in Bihar kept both male and female slaves called Nufurs and Laundis respectively. They also imply struggle among Rajputs for domination over cattle and pasturelands. Rajputs reigned supreme from [92][93] Following the battle, the Delhi Sultanate became prominent in the Delhi region. 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