BEIJING: The China Space Station staged its first "heavenly reunion" of six taikonauts on Tuesday evening after it entered the application and development phase at the end of 2022.Led by missi [28] In 2001, after long negotiation with the Russian Federal Space Agency (RKA), the Badr-B took its first successful flight with Meteor-3M, from the Baikonur Cosmodrome, with Ukrainian Zenit-2 rocket as its boost launcher.
Great blog! Box 8402 Karachi-75270, Pakistan Tel.
Although, it was successfully put in orbit by SUPARCO in 2003, but according to internal sources in SUPARCO, the satellite ended up in a major disaster in mere two years after its launch despite its five-year designated life.
[38][39], In March 2019, SUPARCO took part in the Global Space Congress for the first time held at Abu Dhabi, where they held an exhibition on their satellite-related projects. Thanks for the meal!! The program was developed in extreme secrecy and was finally revealed in 1989 by the Pakistan Army.
Video, 00:00:16Protester dragged from track at Epsom Derby, Drone shows extent of India train crash destruction. Video, 00:00:16, Protester dragged from track at Epsom Derby, Drone shows extent of India train crash destruction.
[80] SUPARCO and the Department of Space have signed formal Memorandum of Understanding agreements with a number of foreign political entities: Language links are at the top of the page across from the title.
The data received from Rehbar-I and Rehbar-II gave scientists information on wind shear and structure of layers of the upper atmosphere extending beyond the stratosphere. Pakistan can utilize available resources to improve its nascent space infrastructure through collaborative efforts to gain eventual self-sufficiency for socioeconomic and strategic purposes in the South Asian region. Thank you for the post. Rehbar 1 was a two-stage rocket successfully launched in cooperation with NASA. This video is all about what is Pakistan Space Program and when Pakistan launched more than 200 rockets into space. Built-in collaboration with the English company SIL, it had a mass of 70kg and carried an Earth imager.
Video, 00:03:49, India train crash leaves scores of people dead.
Video shows avalanche in French Alps. [71] The genesis of this program traced back to 2009 after Suparco publicly celebrated the International Year of Astronomy which was widely appreciated by the public. By Reuters Staff 2 Min Read ISLAMABAD (Reuters) - Pakistan said on Thursday it aims to send its first astronaut into space by 2022 and will begin selecting candidates Ill make sure to bookmark it and come back to learn more of In 1986, SUPARCO took initiatives to locally build the country's first digital communication satellite, with the financial support from ministries of telecommunication and science. Find latest and upcoming tech gadgets online on Tech2 Gadgets.
The Rehbar rocket series was an experimental rocket program which later played an important role in Pakistans development of a missile program. designated official space policy which was approved by the Prime minister of Pakistan Yousaf Raza Gillani, the programs inter-alia cohesively included the augmentation and strengthening of the understanding of physics and mathematics in the country, as part of the scientific mission of Suparco. Hello There. May 29, 2023 China unveils Shenzhou-16 crew for space station mission, launch scheduled today By Staff Correspondent BEIJING: The China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) unveiled the crew of upcoming Shenzhou-16 manned spaceflight mission on Monday.
History of Pakistani Space Milestones 3. [78] The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey and Turkish Aerospace Industries's senior ranking officials and representative signed a separate accord with the SUPARCO to enhance the cooperation in the satellite development program. [9] During the early 1970s, the Islamabad Ionospheric Station within Quaid-e-Azam University was set up and the NASA Landsat ground station was established near Rawat. Pakistans program, announced 50 years after the U.S. Apollo 11 mission put the first man on the moon, marks a new departure after focusing on developing communication satellites. The PakSat-IE was decommissioned later after the second satellite was launched in 2011. Originally, it has been a SUPARCO program and is still active as of current. Video, 00:00:40, India train crash leaves scores of people dead, How ref got caught in fiery Euro final crossfire in 60 seconds. Shahab-3 is not an original Iranian design. The facility carries out a wide variety of research programs in the field of, Development of state policy concepts in the sphere of research and peaceful uses of space, as well as in the interests of, Organization and development of space activities in Pakistan and under its jurisdiction abroad, Contributing to state national security and defence capability, Organization and development of Pakistan's cooperation with other states and, Acquisition of data for atmospheric/meteorological studies, Development of the ground-based infrastructure for navigation and special information system, Space activities in the interests of national security and defence, Development of research, test and production base of the space sector, This page was last edited on 23 April 2023, at 09:49. (from what Ive read) The Suparco's spaceflight missions and tests were the sounding rocket launches of the Space Research Commission (SUPARCO) that were aimed at developing high-altitude rockets for Pakistan's space program. Iran has tested an upgraded version of the Shahab-3 that is strong enough to carry a warhead across the Middle East to Israel or U.S. bases in the Gulf. From professionals to amateurs, there are a lot of varieties of students in Pakistan, their hardworking and enthusiasm can make a lot more progress in the field of space science. [4] The headquarters of the SUPARCO are located in Karachi, Sindh Province near the Karachi University; while its administrative infrastructure is well developed and expanded all over the country. Proud to announce that selection process for the first Pakistani to be sent to Space shall begin from Feb 2020,fifty people will be shortlisted list will then come down to 25 and in 2022 we will send our first person to space,this will be the biggest space event of our history, Ch Fawad Hussain (@fawadchaudhry) July 25, 2019. [9] In 1973, American Apollo 17 astronauts Eugene Cernan, Ronald Evans and Harrison Schmitt paid a state visit to Karachi amid great fanfare, to see the SUPARCO's headquarters. The Aerospace Institute is Pakistan's sole institution for training personnel in the fields of space technology. Video, 00:00:42, Alison Hammond breaks down on air about Schofield, Will Sophie step up from kitchen disco to Eurovision 2024 stage? The Nuri rocket lifted off from Naro Space Center on the southern coast of South Korea at 6:24 p.m. (0924 GMT) in its third flight after technical glitches caused the Google Scholar, Harary D (2017) Remote sensing satellites as a solution towards anticipating food and water wars. Video, 00:01:12Will Sophie step up from kitchen disco to Eurovision 2024 stage? Accessed on 09 July 2018, Lagi, Marco, Karla Z. Bertrand, and Yaneer Bar-Yam (2011) The food crises and political instability in North Africa and the Middle East. [22] Pakistan's space programme was now split between the competition with PAEC, NDC, DESTO, PAF Missile Command, and the KRL. Prof. Salam invited Tariq Mustafa a senior engineer of PAEC who was then at the Atomic Energy Laboratories of USAEC at Oakridge Tennessee, to join him in meetings at NASA headquarters in Washington DC. Pakistan was the first country among developing nations, Islamic world and in South Asia, third in Asia, and tenth in the world to successfully launch a vessel into outer space with a flight of Rehbar-I. [59], Every year, SUPARCO sponsors and organizes the World Space Week (WSW) to promote the understanding of the Earth science all over the country. [46] The Space Programme 2040 intends to replace the Badr satellite programme and geo-stationary communication satellite.
In 200607, SUPARCO launched the development on high-resolution and the series of remote-sensing weather satellites to meet the national and international user requirements in the field of satellite imagery. submit and if I may just I desire to suggest you few fascinating issues These spaceports are listed in this article according to their geographical location. Literally, it seems as though you [9] The target to complete the satellite could not be achieved on time,[22] and in 1994, plans to launch the spacecraft did not materialise, and the launch was halted and delayed long to 2001. [11] SUPARCO has faced significant criticism within Pakistan for not being able to be up to its Indian and Chinese counterparts in terms of capabilities, both which countries have emerged as major space powers in recent decades.
Pakistan began to develop rocketry expertise in the early 1960s at the Space Sciences Research Wing of write content in your case?
Information Minister Fawad Chaudhry said Pakistan will send a human to space for the first time in [25] Despite its success in its space flight programme in the 1960s, SUPARCO began to face intense competition from its rival organizations to build the space boosters. [69], The program is promoted in the public circles through an academic bulletin which was launched on 2 January 2012 by Suparco. Handbook of Space Security pp 116Cite as. Get technology news, gadgets reviews & ratings. Pakistans National Space Agency SUPARCO (Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission) was set up in 1961.
Pakistan's Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif believes the number of avalanches is increasing due to climate change. Abdul Qadeer Khan, The Past and the Present. [15] The uncrewed spaceflight mission continued under Turowicz, and according to SUPARCO, from 1962 until the partial termination of mission in 1972, ~200 sounding rockets took high success space flights from Sonmiani Terminal Launch. A TV screen shows a file image of North Koreas rocket launch during a news program at the Seoul Railway Station in Seoul, South Korea, Wednesday, May 31, 2023.
On 7 June 1962 at 19:53 hours (PKT), the Rehbar-I took its first successful spaceflight in deep space from the Sonmiani Terminal Launch. Meanwhile, Pakistan is still limited to Geographical Information Systems (GIS), remote sensing, and communication satellites. Surely, it will promote more scientific knowledge and advancement of technology among our young generation that will eventually play an important role for the future of Pakistan. India's flag, ship and humans go to space. Pakistan appears to be entering a space race with India. Ahmed specifically pointed to the Fatah-1, Pakistans 150-kilometer-range guided round for the Chinese A-100 multiple launch rocket system, as a weapon that could jeopardize the S-400. [69] The program's mainstream objective and aim is to conduct research studies for the advancement and better understanding of the theoretical physics, astronomy, astrophysics, and mathematics involving the three-dimensional universal space and time. Its nearly impossible to find educated people about this topic, It made Pakistan the 3rd country in Asia after Israel and Japan and the 10th in the world to conduct that launch. [40], SUPARCO is headquartered near Port of Karachi in southern part of Pakistan and also has additional facilities in University of Punjab in Lahore. This Karachi based space organization is interested in offering a low-cost solution in three main areas of any space mission: Furthermore, the Rocket & Satellite Company also planning to give solutions for the major cause of destruction in the region above the Earths lower orbit of outer space which is also called the debris areas so that the life of satellite will be increased and the risk of collision between newly launched satellites and the remnants will also reduce. Rehbar was a series ofsounding rocketlaunches into the upper atmosphere and the edge of space. Pakistan flag alone goes to space.
Instead of Hydrogen bombs and Atomic bombs, the missiles can easily carry a payload of a satellite". [26] As early as in 1995, SUPARCI lost its major contract to NDC bureau to develop the country's first space booster, Shaheen-I. Specific objectives include research and development of communication satellites, remote sensing satellites and satellite launch vehicles, with the objective of bringing rapid growth and socio-economic development in the fields of education, astronomy, cosmology, exobiology, stellar science, planetary science, planets, extrasolar planet, dwarf planets, comets, asteroids, astrophysics, astrobiology, astrochemistry, aerospace engineering, rocket propellent engineering, information technology, communications, agriculture sector, mineral excavation and atmospheric sciences. Space Policy 5(3):217226, Pakistan Crafts Plan to Cut Carbon Emissions 30pc by 2025 (2015) DAWN, 10 June. They are highly concerned about this mission and their major goal is to achieve these all these tasks at a low cost so that a huge amount of money will be saved for other space missions. [44], On 18 August 2009, Samar Mubarak Mand reported that "Pakistan would launch its own satellite in April 2011 it made some things seem all too obvious to analyst familiar with the subject". "[9] Because of the surrounded secrecy and classified status, and for propaganda value, the details of the missions were covered up and buried deep; the government never fully investigated the incident. Its perfect time to make some plans for the In 2003, SUPARCO held talks with Hughes Space and Communications Company to lease one of the Palapa satellites that it placed in ego-synchronous orbit for Indonesia.
The last launch of the Rehbar Rocket Program took place on 8 April 1972. The concept of multilateral collaboration, utilizing available resources and public-private partnerships to empower its space program, enhances its domestic scientific and technological base and builds an indigenous space industry that can reap dividends at home and abroad. However, no further details on this program were ever revealed. Space Booster development: Pakistan Finally Dropped the Other Shoe", "The Push to Boost Pakistan's Space Program", "Pakistan's First National Communication Satellite Launched Today", "American Radio Relay League | Ham Radio Association and Resources", "Palapa C1, C2 / HGS 3 / Anatolia 1 / Paksat 1", "Spaceflight Now Breaking News Satellite for Pakistan launched by Chinese rocket", "China to launch Pakistan communication satellite The Express Tribune", "International Year of Astronomy 2009 Pakistan National Node", "Institute of Space and Planetary Astrophysics", "Pakistan-India to raise IHK, Baloch issue in UN", "SUPARCO will launch astrophysics bulletin", "Asia Times Online:: South Asia news China, Pakistan cooperate in space", "Turkey joins Pakistan, China in joint efforts for Space Technology", Institute for Defense Studies and Analyses, CNBC Pakistan televised Interview with Salim Mehmud Chairman SUPARCO, Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO), Pakistan Remote Sensing Satellite program, Timeline of first orbital launches by country, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Space_%26_Upper_Atmosphere_Research_Commission&oldid=1151326849, Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission, Pakistan federal departments and agencies, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in Pakistani English, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2013, Articles needing additional references from September 2017, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2021, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Vague or ambiguous time from December 2013, Articles with disputed statements from June 2021, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, "Strive to achieve self-reliance in space technology and applications for national security, economy and society.
In 1969, the United States succeeded in landing humans on the moon, our closest neighbor in space and safely transporting them back to Earth. This led to the establishment of the Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (denoted as SUPARCO) on 16 September 1961, with Abdus Salam being its first administrator and director. [64] One of the most notable mission of SUPARCO is its Lunar program that conducts observational studies on the activity of Lunar phases and distributes its publications within the public domain. It is headquartered at the capital city of Islamabad in the northern part of Pakistan with additional facilities at the University of Punjab in Lahore. With the establishment of SUPARCO, Pakistan was the first South Asian country to start a space programme. [15] The Doppler Radar Station (Islamabad Mission Control Center) was also established in the country as a part of a global network.
After Indonesia publicly declared that the satellite was unusable due to an electric power anomaly; the Hughes Space Company paid the insurance claims and sold the satellite to SUPARCO and renamed it as "PakSat-IE". The tests and operations of Suparcos spaceflight were sounding rocket launches conducted by Pakistans Space Research Commission (SUPARCO) for the creation of rockets having high-altitude capabilities for the platform out there right now. Pakistan's Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (Suparco) 4.
SITT induces matriculates from all over Pakistan and trains them in Diploma of Associate Engineering (D.A.E). World May 31, 2023 North Korean satellite plunges into sea after rocket failure By Agencies SEOUL: A North Korean satellite launch on Wednesday ended in failure, sending the booster and payload plunging into the sea, North Korean state media said, and the Souths military said it had recovered parts of the launch vehicle.
I do not even know how I ended up here, https://tribune.com.pk/story/1112704/pakistan-may-run-dry-2025-study/. Your content is excellent but with images and The ISPA is responsible for space and planetary science research.
but I thought this post was great. [64] The Ionospheric Station at Karachi operates a Lonosonde observation facility, and recently the balloon flight mission was carried out by the station on 16 January 2004, up to an altitude of about 36km to measure the vertical profile of the O3 trends. It is headquartered at the capital city of Islamabad in the northern part of Pakistan with additional facilities at the University of Punjab in Lahore. Waniya Khursheed is a student of Space science at Karachi University, She is working as Event Manager at RaheQamar. [69] The first publication under this program included the research on upper atmosphere, software development relating the space technology, Lunar theory, Lunar eclipse Quadrantids and the asteroids. So let me reword this. In 1981, reforms and re-organization of the space programme were carried out when Munir Ahmad Khan began to rebuild the space infrastructure, particularly in the rocketry programme which would later form the basis of the missile programme. Various sounding rocket models were launched by Pakistan approximately 200 times between 1962 and 1972. The exploration program provides opportunities for physics, atmospheric physics, investigations of the prevailing temperature gradients, wind velocities, and density of the upper atmosphere. She hopes that one day Pakistan will play an active part in the Global Space industry. Invited by Soviet Union, Suparco joined the COSPAS-SARSAT program in 1990, after receiving the approval of the Government of Pakistan. Wow, wonderful blog structure! you using for this site?
WebDevelopment of Pakistan Space Programme: Pakistan Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO) is Pakistans national space agency and were established in 1961 as a committee and wer 1990 aboard a Chinese Long March 2E rocket. Since then, SUPARCO has an active satellite control program and controls various satellites, under the mutual agreement with the international community, from the Pakistan Mission Control Center (PMCC) located in SUPARCO headquarters.[51]. [citation needed] The bureaucratization of the SUPARCO took place in 1981 when the secretariat level committee, the Executive Committee of the Space Research Council was established with its members containing the officials from the finance, science, and economics ministries, chaired by the Finance minister of the country. In Pakistan, there are many universities offering the bachelors to PhD degrees in this regards but due to the lack of job opportunities, students are not admiring their education. [69] Since its establishment, a total of nine important publications has been released under the auspicious of this program with the last volume was issued in September 2012. https://www.dawn.com/news/1187358/pakistan-crafts-plan-to-cut-carbon-emissions-30pc-by-2025/. I found your weblog the use of msn. WebPakistan's mission is much low in scope and ambition, and it is a feat that India accomplished 25 years ago, when wing commander Rakesh Sharma, a test pilot of the Indian Air Force, flew into space in a Soyuz craft, along with two other cosmonauts of the erstwhile Soviet Union. Some Russian-controlled launch sites are listed as being in Asia.
I will definitely comeback. The South Korean military said it was salvaging an object presumed to be part of the crashed North Korean rocket in waters 200 kilometers (125 miles) west of the southwestern island of Eocheongdo. Popular gadgets including laptop, tablet and mobile specifications, features, prices, comparison. [27], In 1999, Abdul Qadeer Khan attempted to persuade President Pervez Musharraf but was unable to convince him to launch the satellite from Flight Test Center with Ghauri-I as its space booster. Copyright 2023. NASA's Space Launch System (SLS) rocket with the Orion Video, 00:00:35Drone shows extent of India train crash destruction, Eyewitnesses describe pain and agony of India train crash. In 1992, SUPARCO was given orders to develop its first LEO-based Earth observation satellite. Pakistan's space launchers 6. Abdul Qadeer Khan also cited the motivation that "India had made rapid advances in launch technology" and satellite manufacturing as another motivation for developing indigenous launch capabilities.
[71] On monthly basis, Suparco through its bulletin covers the research events and book reviews as well as work being carried out at SUPARCO under this program. [60] SUPARCO works with a number of universities and research institutions to engage in research in observational astronomy and astrophysics.
The tests and operations of Suparcos spaceflight were sounding rocket launches conducted by Pakistans Space Research Commission (SUPARCO) for the creation of rockets having high-altitude capabilities for the posts more, pop! "[18], On 25 July 1964, Salam arranged another meeting with President Ayub Khan where SUPARCO was placed under the direct control of the President of Pakistan; it was followed by the constitution of SUPARCO as an executive but separate authority under the administrative control of Salam on 8 March 1966. Video, 00:01:12, Eyewitnesses describe pain and agony of India train crash, Do Russians really hate the West? Scientists tracking a NASA probe believe aliens could contact Earth by 2029. The US then embarked on their Apollo program to beat the Soviets to the Moon. Space. Pakistan's space agency wants to launch its first astronaut into space by 2022, Samsung launches its Made-In-India OLED TVs with Pantone-certified panels and Dolby Atmos, check details here, Amazon launches the Echo Pop in India for Rs 5000, comes with semi-sphere design and in pastel colours, Sony HT-A3000 Soundbar Review: An enjoyable experience at a stiff price, Tecno launches the Camon 20 series in India, with a starting price of Rs 14,999, check details here, Space And Upper Atmosphere Research Commission, Amazon beauty presents Vanity Diaries.
This second-hand satellite had been originally designed for Indonesia, but after a battery problem occurred making it useless during certain hours of the day, the firm solved the problem and sold the satellite to Pakistan as Paksat-1. [9], Entering in the late 1970s era, the space programme suffered many setbacks and experienced a number of difficulties, including a lack of government response, a shortage of technical personnel and expert engineers needed for the country to have an effective space programme. Shaheen-III which was successfully tested on 9 March 2015 by Pakistan government turned out to be a medium-range ballistic missile. Video, 00:00:29Video shows avalanche in French Alps, Video captures moment glacier collapses in Italian alps. [37] Despite its initiatives to make the space programme more extended to private-sector, it was reportedly revealed by the chairman of SUPARCO in 2012 that "despite its initiatives and undertaking numerous development projects and joint ventures", but the efforts are seemingly wasted and work suffers from co-ordination failures at the local government level. In mid-September 1961, Dr. Abdus Salam and Dr. Tariq Mustafa held a meeting with NASA officials in Washington. Video, 00:00:59How ref got caught in fiery Euro final crossfire in 60 seconds, Huge sandstorm sweeps across Suez Canal in Egypt. All Pakistan has to do is to erase Delhi or Kolkata from the target and point it towards the sky. I would be awesome if you could point me in the direction of a good platform. this would be the first all student built : r/pakistan by what_the_fuck_1 Assalamualaikum guys. [17] The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) publicly hailed the space flight programme as the beginning of "a programme of continuous cooperation in space research of mutual interest.
[19][20] In 1967, Abdus Salam was succeeded by Air Commodore Wadysaw Turowicz, as he was made administrator of SUPARCO.
[7][8], SUPARCO played a significant role in the development of Pakistani missiles. A selection committee would begin choosing candidates in February, he said.
With the launching of Rehbar-1, Pakistan became the third country inAsia, the first country inSouth Asia, and the tenth in theworldto launch a vessel into outer space. Make your own rocket, go to space, and feel proud.
N Get briefed on the story of the week, and developing stories to watch across the Asia-Pacific. SUPARCO is to be brought at par with other strategic organizations around the world. Eleven people have been confirmed dead and 25 injured following an avalanche in north Pakistan.
Rescue efforts by the military and local officials are continuing. How lengthy have you been running a blog for?
2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
By then, Pakistan was leading space research in South Asia, and 102 launches were conducted from Somniani Range between 1961 and 1972. It launched a rocket into space on Monday in an attempt to safely land a rover on the moon, its most ambitious mission yet. Neighbour and long-time rival India put its first astronaut into space in 1984 as part of a Soviet-led mission. [62], SUPARCO continuous development of the space program, with particular focus on indigenous, self-reliance and introduction of the state-of-the-art technologies, SUPARCO also offers its services to the private sector consortium to satisfy the industrial and environmental needs and to support economic competitiveness.
The oldest and main launch facility of SUPARCO. [16] The rocket was developed in a joint venture with Air force in a team led by PAF's Air Commodore (Brigadier-General) WJM Turowicz. Recommend 0.
Prof. Salam was accompanying President Ayub Khan on an official visit to the United States at the invitation of President John F. Kennedy. Maybe you could write next articles According to a Pakistan-based development analyst, transfer of Chinas space technology will help Pakistan achieve progress in both the defense and economic Hi, i think that i saw you visited my site thus i came to return the favor.I am attempting It will also play a huge role for the students having an interest in the area of space science.
Would you offer guest writers to The Hatf programme was developed with the contribution of the SUPARCO's scientists with collaboration from scientists of the KRL. Is that what youre using on your blog? Watch rocket launch first Chinese civilian into space. [42] The successful launch carried a payload of 80 pounds of sodium and it streaked up about 130km into the atmosphere. [9], After participating in various projects with University of Surrey, the team of engineers returned to Pakistan in 1986. [72] Since then, Suparco managed and helds the World Space Week events and functions all over the country to educate the public circles in the notable areas of interest of astrophysics.
Meteor showers, a comet, asteroids and more. your posts to be precisely what Im looking for. Recommend 0. On the occasion, NASA offered help to Pakistan in the development and launching of rockets to map the atmosphere above the Indian Ocean, on the condition that any data obtained from the research on the upper atmosphere will be shared with NASA. Accessed 25 Aug 2019, Government of Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan, Department of Strategic Studies, National Defence University, Islamabad, Pakistan, You can also search for this author in Springer, Cham. I am a Writer and Science Communicator at Scientia Magazine, who also lectures Syeda Ambreen Zafar is a software engineer. Dr. Tariq Mustafa led the team working on this project.
In July 2007, the development of the first prototype optical satellite in this PRS program was launched, the manufacturing of the satellite was planned in the third quarter of year 2008. Ahsan A, Khan A (2019) Pakistans journey into space. But imagine if you added some great visuals or video clips to give your It was widely speculated in 2002 by the international media that the country was deriving its missiles into an effective space booster, as most likely "the second model might also be based on one of the ballistic missiles, operational with Pakistan Armed Forces.
?